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Animation 9_1 |
Repeaters interconnect Ethernet segments by amplifying and retransmitting
signals from one segment to another; the resulting network of segments
is indistinguishable from a single large Ethernet as exactly the
same electrical signals appear on every segment.
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Animation 9_2 |
Bridges interconnect Ethernet segments by receiving and retransmitting
entire frames, employing CSMA/CD technology to avoid collisions and
avoiding the propagation of collisions between segments; filtering
bridges can reduce traffic by only forwarding frames on the
path from the source to the destination.
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Animation 10_1 |
Packet switches can be linked together into a Wide Area Network. Data
packets delivered to one switch are forwarded through other switches
to the destination.
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Figure 11.1 |
Optical fibers and fiber modems used to provide a connection between a
computer and a distant Ethernet. The computer and Ethernet hub both use
conventional signals.
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Figure 11.2 |
A repeater R connecting two Ethernets. The repeater connects
directly to the cable.
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Figure 11.3 |
Repeaters used to connect Ethernet segments on three floors of an
office building. Each floor has one segment, and one segment is placed
vertically in the building.
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Figure 11.4 |
Six computers connected to a pair of bridged LAN segments. The bridge,
which uses the same type of connection as a computer, always sends and
receives complete frames.
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Figure 11.5 |
A sequence of events for the example network shown in Figure 11.4 and
the locations of computers that the bridge has learned.
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Figure 11.6 |
A bridge connecting LAN segments in two buildings. An optical fiber
is used to connect the bridge to a remote LAN segment.
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Figure 11.7 |
A bridge using a leased satellite channel to connect LAN segments
at two sites. A satellite bridge can span arbitrary distance.
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Figure 11.8 |
A bridged network that consists of eight segments connected by seven
bridges. Computers can be attached to any of the segments.
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Figure 11.9 |
An example of bridges connected in a cycle. A problem occurs if
all bridges forward broadcast frames.
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Photo img1_059 |
Optical fiber and connectors; the small black covers protect the
end of the connector when the connector is not in use.
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Photo img1_060 |
Optical fiber and connectors with protective covers installed; the
cable contains two separate optical fibers, each with its own connector.
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Photo img2_002 |
Optical fiber patch panel; the optical fibers can be reconnected to
different network components by changing the connection points on
the patch panel.
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Photo img2_003 |
Optical fiber patch panel; the optical fibers can be reconnected to
different network components by changing the connection points on
the patch panel.
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Photo img2_004 |
Two racks of network components; the rack at the right of the
picture holds optical fiber patch panels; the rack at the left
holds hubs and a router.
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Photo img2_007 |
Two racks of network components; at the left of the picture are the
back views of optical fiber patch panels and at the right is a
back view of a router and a hub.
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Photo img2_009 |
Rack containing network hubs and optical fiber adapters; the larger boxes
are 10Base-T hubs and the smaller boxes, with LEDs on the front panel,
are 10Base-T-to-optical fiber converters.
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Photo img3_001 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_002 |
Closeups of a Fore ForeRunner ASX-200 ATM switch with both twisted
pair copper and fiber optic connections, and a Fore ForeRunner LE155
ATM switch with 12 twisted pair 155 megabit connections (see photo
img3_001).
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Photo img3_003 |
ATM switch with both twisted
pair copper and fiber optic connections, and a Fore ForeRunner LE155
ATM switch with 12 twisted pair 155 megabit connections (see photo
img3_001).
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Photo img3_004 |
A closeup of two 3Com 24 port Ethernet switches, a Fore ForeRunner
ASX-200 ATM switch with both twisted pair copper and fiber optic
connections, and a Fore ForeRunner LE155 ATM switch with 12 twisted
pair 155 megabit connections (see photo img3_001).
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Photo img3_029 |
The front of a Proxim wireless bridge. This device bridges a wireless
Proxim local area network with a standard Ethernet network.
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Photo img3_030 |
The front of a Proxim wireless bridge. This device bridges a wireless
Proxim local area network with a standard Ethernet network.
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Photo img3_031 |
The back of a Proxim wireless bridge. On the left is an antenna. On
the right is an RJ-45 Ethernet jack. To the left of that is a thin
Ethernet BNC connector.
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Photo img3_032 |
The back of a Proxim wireless bridge. On the left is an antenna. On
the right is an RJ-45 Ethernet jack. To the left of that is a thin
Ethernet BNC connector.
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Photo img3_039 |
An in-use Cisco 7000 router with a varity of interfaces. The router
has six AUI Ethernet ports in its leftmost slot to which the six grey
cables connect. It also has four serial ports, to which three grey
serial lines connect. Further right is a single fiber optic ATM
interface identified by the orange cable. To the right of that is a
FDDI interface to which the two light grey fiber optic cables are
connected.
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Photo img3_040 |
An in-use Cisco 7000 router with a varity of interfaces. The router
has six AUI Ethernet ports in its leftmost slot to which the six grey
cables connect. It also has four serial ports, to which three grey
serial lines connect. Further right is a single fiber optic ATM
interface identified by the orange cable. To the right of that is a
FDDI interface to which the two light grey fiber optic cables are
connected.
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Photo img3_041 |
An in-use Cisco 7000 router with a varity of interfaces. The router
has six AUI Ethernet ports in its leftmost slot to which the six grey
cables connect. It also has four serial ports, to which three grey
serial lines connect. Further right is a single fiber optic ATM
interface identified by the orange cable. To the right of that is a
FDDI interface to which the two light grey fiber optic cables are
connected.
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Photo img3_042 |
An in-use Cisco 7000 router with a varity of interfaces. The router
has six AUI Ethernet ports in its leftmost slot to which the six grey
cables connect. It also has four serial ports, to which three grey
serial lines connect. Further right is a single fiber optic ATM
interface identified by the orange cable. To the right of that is a
FDDI interface to which the two light grey fiber optic cables are
connected.
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Photo img3_043 |
A wiring closet containing, from top to bottom, three patch panels,
two Ethernet hubs, and an Ethernet switch.
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Photo img3_044 |
A wiring closet containing, from top to bottom, three patch panels,
two Ethernet hubs, and an Ethernet switch.
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Photo img3_047 |
A wiring closet containing, from top to bottom, three patch panels,
two Ethernet hubs, and an Ethernet switch.
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Photo img3_053 |
A closeup of four copper twisted pair to fiber optic converters. These
devices allow a twisted pair network to extend to distances further
than copper twisted pair cabling allows by converting the electrical
signals to optical signals.
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Photo img3_054 |
A closeup of four copper twisted pair to fiber optic converters. These
devices allow a twisted pair network to extend to distances further
than copper twisted pair cabling allows by converting the electrical
signals to optical signals.
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Photo img3_061 |
Three 3Com Ethernet switches.
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Photo img3_062 |
Three 3Com Ethernet switches.
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Photo img3_067 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_068 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_069 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_070 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_071 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_072 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_073 |
A wiring closet containing various patch panels, Ethernet switches and
hubs, and ATM switches.
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Photo img3_074 |
A wiring closet. From top to bottom this closet contains three patch
panels, two 3Com 24 port Ethernet switches, a Fore ForeRunner ASX-200
ATM switch with both twisted pair copper and fiber optic connections,
and A Fore ForeRunner LE155 ATM switch with 12 twisted pair 155
megabit connections.
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Photo img4_030 |
A Cisco Catalyst 3000 Ethernet switch. This switch has 16 10 megabit
twisted pair Ethernet jacks along the bottom. Near the top one can
also see two 100 megabit fiber optic ports covered by dust caps.
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Photo img4_031 |
A Cisco Catalyst 3000 Ethernet switch. This switch has 16 10 megabit
twisted pair Ethernet jacks along the bottom. Near the top one can
also see two 100 megabit fiber optic ports covered by dust caps.
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Photo img4_032 |
A Cisco Catalyst 3000 Ethernet switch. This switch has 16 10 megabit
twisted pair Ethernet jacks along the bottom. Near the top one can
also see two 100 megabit fiber optic ports covered by dust caps.
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Photo img4_033 |
A Cisco Catalyst 3000 Ethernet switch. This switch has 16 10 megabit
twisted pair Ethernet jacks along the bottom. Near the top one can
also see two 100 megabit fiber optic ports covered by dust caps.
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Photo img4_034 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5505 switch. At the top are two 100 megabit
fiber optic ports with dust covers. In the slot below are two 155
megabit fiber optic ATM interfaces, also concealed by dust covers. The
last occupied slot contains 24 10 megabit twisted pair Ethernet
ports. The remaining two slots are empty and available for expansion.
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Photo img4_035 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5505 switch. At the top are two 100 megabit
fiber optic ports with dust covers. In the slot below are two 155
megabit fiber optic ATM interfaces, also concealed by dust covers. The
last occupied slot contains 24 10 megabit twisted pair Ethernet
ports. The remaining two slots are empty and available for expansion.
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Photo img4_036 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5505 switch. At the top are two 100 megabit
fiber optic ports with dust covers. In the slot below are two 155
megabit fiber optic ATM interfaces, also concealed by dust covers. The
last occupied slot contains 24 10 megabit twisted pair Ethernet
ports. The remaining two slots are empty and available for expansion.
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Photo img4_037 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5505 switch. At the top are two 100 megabit
fiber optic ports with dust covers. In the slot below are two 155
megabit fiber optic ATM interfaces, also concealed by dust covers. The
last occupied slot contains 24 10 megabit twisted pair Ethernet
ports. The remaining two slots are empty and available for expansion.
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Photo img4_053 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5500 Ethernet Switch. The blue cables are twisted
pair 10/100 megabit Ethernet. The orange lines are 10 or 100 megabit
fiber optic connections.
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Photo img4_054 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5500 Ethernet Switch. The blue cables are twisted
pair 10/100 megabit Ethernet. The orange lines are 10 or 100 megabit
fiber optic connections.
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Photo img4_055 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5500 Ethernet Switch. The blue cables are twisted
pair 10/100 megabit Ethernet. The orange lines are 10 or 100 megabit
fiber optic connections.
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Photo img4_056 |
A Cisco Catalyst 5500 Ethernet Switch. The blue cables are twisted
pair 10/100 megabit Ethernet. The orange lines are 10 or 100 megabit
fiber optic connections.
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Photo img4_078 |
The back side of an Ethernet repeater. On the left is an RJ-45 twisted
pair connector. In the middle is a thin Ethernet coaxial connector.
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Photo img4_079 |
The back side of an Ethernet repeater. On the left is an RJ-45 twisted
pair connector. In the middle is a thin Ethernet coaxial connector.
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Photo img4_080 |
The front of an Ethernet repeater shows various status indicators.
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Photo img4_081 |
A twelve port twisted pair Ethernet hub. About to be plugged in is an
Ethernet cable with an RJ-45 connector.
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Photo img4_082 |
A twelve port twisted pair Ethernet hub. About to be plugged in is an
Ethernet cable with an RJ-45 connector.
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Photo img4_083 |
An example of thin Ethernet coaxial cabling. On the left is an end
connector. On the right is a T splitter which would attach a host to
the Ethernet bus.
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Photo img4_084 |
An example of thin Ethernet coaxial cabling. On the left is an end
connector. On the right is a T splitter which would attach a host to
the Ethernet bus.
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